To survive, corporations must respond effectively to their customers’ needs. When serving customers, corporations require an integrated process, typically supported by IT systems. However, some companies already have established processes before implementing IT systems. Another challenge is that companies often have legacy systems or old IT platforms that need to be replaced with new technology platforms to meet business needs. Yet, these new platforms may not be easily integrated with the legacy systems, leading to the continued operation of disintegrated IT systems. These companies may also maintain redundant IT systems that cannot communicate with each other, making it difficult to manage them due to the complexity of these disintegrated systems. Despite these challenges, companies must continuously initiate integration initiatives to ensure their survival and competitiveness in the global market. Leaving disintegrated IT systems in place can damage a company’s corporate image and l...
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